In this article, you will learn: why the varicose veins of the pelvis is considered to be a separate disease and not a form of varicose veins of the legs, the disease may occur, and why. Manifestations and diagnosis of this disease, as it is properly treated, the chances of recovery.
Varicose veins of the pelvis – is the weakening of the walls of the outside or inside of the veins of the pelvic area, which leads to the excessive extension of its diameter. Varicose changed veins are not able to give the exit of the blood from the pelvic organs, which leads to its stagnation, and the complete destruction of the vascular wall. As a result, damage to the structure and function of the reproductive system female.
Early stages of the disease cause only minor discomfort in the vulva and abdomen. Women with advanced forms of pelvic varicose veins suffer from constant intense pain, various gynecological diseases, sterile, have an aesthetic defect in the shape of tortuous venous dilation nodes in the perineum, labia or entrance of the vagina.
The disease can be completely cured, but to prevent a relapse prevention necessary for life. To deal with this problem, along the vascular surgeons, obstetrician-gynaecologists.
Varicose veins of small pelvis in men as in women not the case. But such a disease exists – varicocele. The mechanisms and the manifestations are similar to those in pelvic varicose veins. Dilation occurs in the left testicle and spermatic cord due to the fact that the left Vienna egg stagnates the blood. She is thrown back from the left renal vein, which leads to Vienna.
The essence of the disease, how serious it is
The outer and inner female sex organs are well krovosnabjaemah. In order to provide enough blood flow need a powerful network of vessels venous. Therefore, the venous system of the pelvis in women is well developed. Each line has a solid wall, provided with valves connected with passing close to the veins. It all forms a coherent venous network of the pelvic region which collects blood from the perineum, external reproductive organs (vulva, vagina), special structures (ovaries, uterus), and transportorul at the bottom Polow vein.
Varicose changed veins of the pelvis differ from the healthy as they can:
- Expanded diameter;
- They are full of blood;
- Too complicated;
- Have bumps in the form of nodes;
- The soft and weak.
Pelvic veins affected by varicose veins, you can collect the blood from the external genitalia and other organs, but it is not able to carry on the great vessels (the Vena cava). This leads to the fact that the blood stagnates in the pelvis, and which penetrates through the wall venous affects the tissues, which needs to come out. They were swollen, inflamed and lose their functions.
But most of all varicose veins of the pelvis danger:
- Different disorders of the ovaries;
- Bleeding uterine disorders and various;
- Infertility, threatened miscarriage and inability to have a natural childbirth;
- Formation of blood clots in the lumen of the varicose changed veins that threatens the separation of the place of education and migration in the heart and pulmonary vessels. This is the most dangerous complication, life-threatening – pulmonary embolism (PE).
Reasons
Basically, varicose veins of the pelvis happens in Mature women:
- Up to 20 years – 20%;
- 20-30 years – 30%
- 30 – 45 years – 50%
Mechanisms of varicose vein and degeneration of the venous system of the pelvis:
- (80%). Are the main veins that collect blood from the uterus and the ovaries and bring it directly into a site (to the right) or kidney (on the left) of Vienna. If failure occurs, it completely blocks the venous outflow.
- Uniform weakening or the destruction of the wall and venous whole pelvis, the veins – all of them are at the same time expand and is not able to contract to propel the blood into the overlying departments.
- Reverse reflux of the blood from the deep veins of the thigh in the superficial sexual vein, which is the collection of blood from the perineum and external genital organs, prevents the exit. As a result, the pressure increases, and the trunk and all tributaries of varicose veins and enlarged.
Causes immediate of the implementation of these mechanisms could be the following:
- Weakness, congenital or dysplasia (underdevelopment) of the wall and venous valves and.
- Hormonal changes in the woman's body (puberty, pregnancy, menopause, ovarian disease).
- Frequent inflammation, endometriosis, surgery, adhesions in the pelvis.
- He moved thrombosis and thrombophlebitis of the pelvic veins.
- Heavy physical work.
- Prolonged lying down or sitting.
- The excess of weight.
- The pregnancy and delivery.
- Regular disruption of sexual relations during many years, especially in the absence of orgasm.
- Bend uterus posteriorly or anteriorly.
- Pelvic tumors.
- Prolapse of the uterus.
Extent of varicose veins classification
On anatomical grounds (prevalence) varicose veins of the pelvis are divided into three types:
- The congestion vein in the pelvis;
- Perineal varicose veins, etc.;
- Combined forms.
To reflect changes pathological of the disease is divided into three levels:
- First the dilation of the blood vessels of any organ plexus of the pelvis does not exceed a diameter of 0.5 cm, too complicated.
- The second is the diameter of the veins is greater at 1 cm, the process extends not only to plexus organs(uterus, ovary), but some of them (okolomatocnah of cellulose).
- The third expansion (ectasia) of more than 1 cm, affecting all the vessels of the blood, near the bodies, and the trunk (the trunk of ovarian vein).
The higher the degree of the disease, the worst dilation of veins and the heavier the congestion in the pelvis.
Characteristic symptoms
Women with varicose veins of the pelvis note:
- Persistent or recurrent pain in the abdomen, worse at night or after exertion, especially in the second half of the cycle (close to monthly). At 3 degrees the pain can be very strong.
- Itching, burning, swelling and lividity of the genital organs.
- Painful periods and sexual intercourse.
- Heavy menstruation and bleeding uterine, irregular cycle.
- The impossibility of becoming pregnant.
- Thick twisted veins in the region of the perineum and labia.
- Frequent painful urination.
- Pronounced symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Diagnosis
To confirm the diagnosis is performed:
- Ultrasound through the abdomen and through the vagina (transvaginally) with the use of sensors special – Doppler and duplex treatment of veins of the pelvis. The easiest and most informative method.
- Endovascular venography the introduction of special drugs in the ovary of the vein.
- Computed tomography with contrast.
- Diagnosis of laparoscopy.
Treatments
Varicose veins of the pelvis together to treat the vascular surgeons or obstetrician-gynaecologists. According to modern concepts, the treatment consists of the following areas:
- Normalization lifestyle;
- Conservative medical treatment;
- Compression and other therapy;
- Surgical treatment.
For curing the varicose veins of the pelvis. The specialists make an individual treatment plan, and patients of women needs to continue for the life recommendations for the treatment and prevention.
1. Normalization of the life
Because of a wrong way of life is a prerequisite and the direct cause of varicose pelvic veins, the normalization will help you to recover:
- Exclude long stay standing or sitting (more than 2-3 hours without a break).
- Do not lift heavy objects and refrain from strenuous physical activity.
- During the day do exercises of manipulation of the pelvis (year birch, bike) or simply stretch out for 10-15 minutes with elevated above the level of the body to the pelvis.
- To reduce the weight (obesity).
- Do not take a bath of hot water, replace it with a cold shower.
- Refrain from alcohol and Smoking.
2. Drug therapy
Treatment of varicose veins pelvic any degree is not possible without medical support. In the first degree is a major medical event, while the second and third add-ons comprehensive treatment.
Using this type of drugs:
- Special medicines that strengthen the veins.
- Anticoagulants thin the blood to facilitate their progress through the blood vessels.
- Drugs that improve the microcirculation.
Additional groups of drugs prescribed in view of the deviations in the body:
- The preparations of sex hormones (hormonal disorders).
- Analgesics and anti-inflammatory.
- Drugs to stop blood styptic drugs for the treatment of bleeding uterine.
3. Compression therapy
One of the effective means in the treatment of varicose veins of the vulva and the perineum is a compression effect. The principle of this method is similar to the use of bandages, elastic for varicose veins of the legs. Compression (compression) of the superficial veins from the outside contributes to their removal from the blood. To create this effect, special power tights or shorts with compression therapy hosiery. They can be purchased in specialized pharmacies, shops, hairdressers, medical products individually choose the size and the compression force.
Sclerotherapy – a puncture of the varicose veins with the introduction of a special authorization of drugs that cause sticking. This treatment is done on the outside (subcutaneous) pelvic varicose veins without hospitalization in the hospital. The internal veins can also be treated, but this procedure is technically more complex and takes place in the operating room.
4. Surgical treatment
Varicose veins of small pelvis may be best treated by surgery if:
- 2-3 degrees of the disease;
- The rapid progression of the disease;
- Planning of pregnancy;
- Expressed pain syndrome;
- Regular and bleeding uterine other disorders gynecological.
Main operations in pelvic varicose veins:
- Laparoscopic – a special operation through the punctures of the abdomen. To perform the ligation, the intersection or the cessation of the ovarian vein. This eliminates the backward reflux of blood through it.
- Removal of varicose veins through tiny punctures or incisions of the skin are removed modified saphenous vein is tied off external pudendal vein to the point where the femoral vessels.
- Gynecological intervention – removal of tumors, the removal of the curves of the womb.
Forecast
If you do not get treatment of varicose veins of the pelvis, with time, they expand even more (95%), which faces dangerous complications. The remaining 5% of women with subcutaneous veins of the perineum 1-2 degrees from that arose after the birth, the pathology is not amplified, but never go away by itself.
If it is the condition, it is possible to achieve complete recovery (10-50%, depending on the degree) or a significant improvement (45-50%), especially in the case of the combination of surgical techniques with conservative. But in any case, after a comprehensive treatment should be permanent prophylaxis consists in the adherence to recommendations on lifestyle, medication or periodic compression to support weakened veins.